What type of weather phenomenon can cause severe turbulence and wind shear?

Thunderstorms are known for creating severe turbulence and wind shear due to their dynamic nature and associated weather processes. Within thunderstorms, particularly in the mature stage, there is significant vertical development that leads to strong updrafts and downdrafts. This vertical movement can create turbulent conditions both inside and around the storm.

Wind shear, which is the change in wind speed and direction with altitude, is particularly pronounced around thunderstorms. As the storm generates strong winds, the shear can affect aircraft performance significantly, especially during takeoff and landing phases when aircraft are more vulnerable to rapid changes in airspeed and direction. The turbulence associated with thunderstorms can range from light to severe, and pilots are trained to avoid flying through these areas whenever possible due to the associated risks.

In contrast, temperature inversions and high pressure systems typically do not produce the same intensity of turbulence. While temperature inversions can lead to stable layers that may trap pollutants and affect visibility, they are not generally associated with severe turbulence. High pressure systems tend to lead to calmer weather conditions and are characterized by descending air, resulting in less turbulent activity. Thus, thunderstorms are the primary weather phenomenon linked to severe turbulence and wind shear.